Taking Control of Acid Reflux: A Self-Care Guide/What Is Acid Reflux and Why Does It Happen?
What Is Acid Reflux?
Acid reflux occurs when stomach acid flows back into the esophagus, the tube connecting your mouth and stomach. This backflow causes a burning sensation in the chest, commonly known as heartburn. While occasional acid reflux is normal and usually harmless, frequent episodes—more than twice a week—may indicate a chronic condition called Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD).
Why Does Acid Reflux Happen?
At the base of the esophagus is the lower esophageal sphincter (LES), a muscle that acts like a valve. It opens to allow food into the stomach and closes to keep stomach acid from flowing back up. When the LES weakens or relaxes too often, acid can escape into the esophagus, causing discomfort and symptoms of acid reflux.
Common Symptoms of Acid Reflux
Recognizing acid reflux symptoms is key to early awareness and management.
Common signs include:
- Burning sensation in the chest or throat (heartburn)
- Sour or bitter taste in the mouth
- Regurgitation of food or liquid
- Excessive belching
- Difficulty swallowing or feeling of a lump in the throat
- Symptoms worsening when lying down or after meals
Who Is Most at Risk?
Anyone can experience acid reflux, but certain factors increase the likelihood:
- Eating large meals or lying down immediately after eating
- Consuming spicy, fatty, or fried foods frequently
- Being overweight or pregnant
- Smoking or drinking alcohol regularly
- Taking medications such as pain relievers or sedatives
Acid Reflux vs. GERD: Understanding the Difference
While acid reflux can happen occasionally and may not require medical attention, GERD is a more serious condition characterized by frequent reflux (twice a week or more) that often needs treatment to prevent complications. GERD may be caused by physical issues such as a weak LES or hiatal hernia.
Why Early Awareness Matters
Many people dismiss heartburn as a minor inconvenience and rely on antacids. However, frequent acid reflux can damage the esophagus, cause chronic discomfort, and increase the risk of serious health problems. Understanding your symptoms and seeking timely care is crucial for managing the condition effectively.
What’s Next?
In our next article, we will discuss foods and habits that trigger acid reflux and how to avoid them. Learning to identify your personal triggers and making small lifestyle changes can significantly improve your quality of life.
