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A urine pregnancy test detects the hormone hCG, which is produced shortly after a fertilized egg implants in the uterus. Using a urine sample, the test identifies hCG through a simple device—typically showing a line or symbol for a positive result. A negative result suggests no hCG is detected, though early testing or improper use may affect accuracy.
First morning urine specimen is preferred since it generally contains the highest concentration of hCG; however, urine specimens collected at any time of the day may also be used.